Character Analysis Curley in Of Mice And Men Essay Example

Character Analysis Curley in Of Mice And Men Essay Example Character Analysis Curley in Of Mice And Men Essay Character Analysis Curley in Of Mice And Men Essay Exposition Topic: Of Mice and Men ?In the novel Of Mice and Men, John Steinbeck made Curley as the fundamental enemy of the novel. With the end goal of this paper I will break down and assess why Curley is a significant character to novel and the impact needs to ultimate result of the novel. Curley is uncommon to the novel as he has just achieved the American dream and is a figure of Authority â€Å"He wore high obeyed boots†. The high obeyed boots bolster the possibility that he is a figure of power. On our first experience with Curley he is seen holding a â€Å"aggressive position like a boxer† and we are educated that Curley is â€Å"like little folks, they all detest enormous guys†. This is significant as Lennie one of the primary heroes is a major person, implying to the peruser that Curley is going to have a major impact in the death of their American Dream. In spite of all his capacity he has acquired by being the child of the chief, he has little command over others. He is continually scary different characters and asking â€Å"you seen my wife†. This backings the way that he has little command over his better half and is in every case intentionally attempting to discover her to â€Å"tame† her. Curley experiences Napoleon Complex, â€Å"he wore high obeyed boots† this proposes he is attempting to cause his figure to seem greater, by wearing various beautifiers. This is essential to the novel as it shows us achieving the American dream doesn't generally prompt satisfaction notwithstanding different characters expecting so. Curley’s envy of Lennie brought about a physical experience between the two, where Lennie obliterated him by â€Å"crushing his hand† leaving him to â€Å"flop like a fish†. We would be under the presumption that Curley would squeal on Lennie to the chief and get him expelled from the farm however Slim extorts him â€Å"you going to tell em’ that you stalled out in the machine, or we going to get you again†. This is critical to novel as we see that there are characters in the novel that come up short on the oppo

Customer Outreach Representative

As allocated as a bilingual agent, handle Spanish line calls and related exercises. Fundamental Functions Actively take an interest in the maintenance and accomplishment of adjusting account vole me through the reliable conveyance' of incredible interior and outside client care. 2. Speak with understudy advance borrowers/endorsers utilizing the Borrower Services call model, office strategies and systems, and online instruments. Recognize the reason(s) t he borrower is having or may experience issues keeping up their understudy credit account on favorable terms g.Present arrangements cap are fit to the borrower's circumstance, with an accentuation on long haul sol forces of pull. 3. Successfully counsel borrowers/endorsers. Offer basic data with respect to their privileges and obligations, the advantages of keeping up their record on favorable terms, a d the results of default. 4. Confirm and get new segment data during contacts with obtain blunders and others. 5. Secure the data and documentation important to qualify borrowers of r installment plans, delays, and forbearance's. 6. Stay up with the latest with division strategies and methods. 7.Assist in the examination of troublesome and issue accounts. Follow as well as make the fitting move to determine the worry. 8. Start criticism to Borrower Services Supervisor(s) with thoughts to improve genius stops. 9. Record correspondence and borrower duties. 10. Add to a positive workplace. 11. Play out extra undertakings identified with the goals and upkeep of cutoff time .NET understudy credit accounts. Borrower Seer vicesCustomer Outreach Representative. Doc (09/06/2013) Physical Demands of Position High recurrence talking, hearing, close to vision, console section and sitting.Environmental/Working Conditions of Position Inside office or work from home condition Equipment Used Various PC, printing, and broadcast communications hardware, for example, message sharpen, headset, PC, copiers, and printers alongside othe r workstation devices.

A Week in the Life Allison Walker COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

A Week in the Life Allison Walker COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Were featuring  a new mini series,  A Week in the Life,  to highlight all of the wonderful experiences our students have had in the program. Allison Walker, MIA 16 Hometown: Nashville, TN Before SIPA: Working as a Webcast Digital Media Specialist for a nonprofit in New York Goals: Combining my background in digital media with human rights advocacy work Tuesday, 8:30 p.m.Since I live on the other side of the city from Columbia, I don’t always stick around for events near campus. But on Tuesdays, I have my Management and Administration of Nonprofit Organizations class from 6:00-8:00pm and this week my concentration was having a happy hour at a nearby bar at 8pm so it worked out! I’m in the Human Rights and Humanitarian Policy concentration so this picture is a few of us who got together that night. Most of the concentrations and specializations have happy hours and events throughout the semester. Thursday, 10:00 a.m.I get to campus early to meet with the professor before my Corporations and Human Rights class to discuss my final paper topic. I’ve found that SIPA professors are always very willing to meet with students, and it’s helpful to have guidance on this paper as it is worth most of the grade for this class! I didn’t take a picture in our meeting, but here’s my stroll through campus to get there. Thursday, 1:30 p.m.After class, I walk down a few blocks to my job as a Program Assistant in the SIPA Office of Admissions and Financial Aid. I spend some time working on a blog post for the Admissions Blog, but the Office of Admissions has a big event next week for prospective students so I spend most of the afternoon preparing materials for that. I didn’t make the office staff pose for this picture at all Friday, 12:00 p.m.I’m in the Business and Human Rights Clinic, which is a year-long course that will count as my Capstone Workshop. Usually, Capstones are taken only in the Spring semester of your second year, but the Clinic is an exception. Today, the two heads of the organization our cohort is working for, Inclusive Development International, visit during our class time to discuss our research and projects, go to lunch, and talk about the field work we will do in Cambodia later in the year. Friday, 4:00 p.m.Today in my Human Rights Skills and Advocacy class, we conduct mock meetings with the targets of advocacy letters we previously wrote. Our professor Jo Becker, Advocacy Director of the Childrens Rights Division at Human Rights Watch, brings in a colleague from Human Rights Watch to play the role of each student’s advocacy target. I wrote my letter to the World Bank East Asia and Pacific Regional Vice President; here’s me practicing my advocacy pitch! Saturday, 7:00 p.m.Time for a break after a week where I had several papers and presentations due. My husband and I go to the movies using discounted tickets you can buy at the Ticket and Information Center on Columbia’s campus. Unfortunately, the movie we wanted to see is sold out, but it’s all good we hold onto the prepaid discounted tickets for another time, and we wind up going to a cool new restaurant in the same neighborhood for dinner instead. Monday, 1:00 p.m.Today is the Diversity Symposium, a big event put on by the Office of Admissions for prospective SIPA students. I live tweet the event throughout the day for my job, but I was glad to be there anyway to hear alumni and current students discuss their thoughts on diversity and life at SIPA on panels.

Melissa Snell - ThoughtCo

`` Bros Before Hoes The Guy Code `` By Michael Kimmel

â€Å"A man is at his youngest when he thinks he is a man, not yet realizing that his actions must show it.† Was said by a famous english writer named Mary Renault.In the reading â€Å"Bros before Hoes:The Guy Code† by Michael Kimmel he explains this unwritten yet critical set of rules guys follow through out their lifetime. Society has taught young men that every gender has certain roles and to properly fulfill the role of being a man they have to abide by these rules. Kimmel calls this set of rules the guy code and it explains what guys believe what it takes to be a â€Å"man†. Kimmel goes over what the guy code is, where it comes from, and who influences young boys to follow this set of rules as well as how this guy code is regulated and enforced. In these rules it specifically states young men cannot be gay. The word gay is defined as being weak and girl like to young men. So in order to continue fulfilling the duties of a man, young men must follow these se t of rules.These rules prove that young men are pressured to offer constant proof that they are not gay. In â€Å"True Women and Real Men: Myth of Gender† by Colombo he goes over the â€Å"culture myths of gender and the influence they wield over human development and personal identity†(467). Cultural myths do shape the roles of men and women play in our public and private relationships. Colombo then goes over how these roles are taught and enforced as well as the effects it has on men s and women s health. Gender roles are culturalShow MoreRelatedMasculinity in American Society and Hip-Hop Essay766 Words   |  4 Pagestake it like man, do not get mad, get even. These along with many other rules are makeup â€Å"the Guy Code† believed to shape what masculinity in American society. â€Å"’Bros before Hoes’: The Guy Code† by Michael Kimmel discusses a set of epigrams and analyzes American masculinity. These ideals of what is takes to be a â€Å"man† are often portrayed by hip-hop artists in today’s mainstream music industry. Kimmel attended many different workshops and high school assemblies asking young men in every state â€Å"WhatRead MoreThe Not So Secret Code Essay1936 Words   |  8 PagesThe not so Secret Code Imagine a world in which men could act feminine and women could act masculine without being judged. Now try and identify why this may never happen. Men and women are both taught at an early age what they can and cannot do because of what gender they were born as; they are markedly similar in this aspect. There is a known gender stereotype for girls and boys, and the parents of these children enable these stereotypes from the day that they are born. girls are given pinkRead MoreThe Not So Secret Code Essay1933 Words   |  8 PagesThe not so Secret Code Imagine the world in which men could act feminine and women could act masculine without being judged. Now try and identify why this may never happen. Men and women are both taught at an early age what they can and cannot do because of what gender they were born as; they are markedly similar in this aspect. There is a known gender stereotype for girls and boys, and the parents of these children enable these stereotypes from the day that they are born. girls are given pink

Patriots, Loyalist, and the Neutral Ones Stuck in the Middle Free Essays

Patriots, Loyalist, and the Neutral Ones Stuck in the Middle Today’s America is known for many things; however, one of the things it is notorious for is being a free country. Becoming a free country did not come without many trials and tribulations. The freedom that the American people now have grown so accustomed to started with fierce opposition not only from Britain, but from many of the Englishmen who lived in American colonies. We will write a custom essay sample on Patriots, Loyalist, and the Neutral Ones Stuck in the Middle or any similar topic only for you Order Now The people that supported Britain throughout the American Revolution are referred to as Loyalists. On the other side of the spectrum, the people that strongly opposed Britain’s rule and King George III are known as Patriots. Patriots fought against the acts that Britain wanted to enforce and believed the colonies should have independence from Britain. Last there were the people who were neutral. While the Patriots and Loyalists were large in numbers, those in the neutral party were the minority, often suffering hardship due to their stance. Although the Patriots found unity in the beliefs they held towards Britain, they were a blend of people from many different backgrounds. Patriots were a blended group of people from different social classes, from farmers to lawyers. They did not all share the same education level or common interests. The Patriot party was not fueled by people who were seeking their own power just for the purpose of being free. They were a group of people who felt like Britain was unjust in their tactics of rule. During, and immediately after the military conflict, a ferment of ideas — argued and discussed by an assemblage of remarkable men whose likes have rarely been seen — produced an innovative combination of republicanism and federalism that would serve as a model form of government for humankind, offering fresh political opportunities. † (Cowley and Parker 2001) The Patriots were against what they felt was unfair taxation, which was the beginning foundation of â€Å"no taxat ion without representation. Some Patriots felt that loyalty should still be in place towards King George III; however like those who didn’t express similar loyalties, they felt â€Å"that taxes should be regulated by their own legislatures, not by members of Parliament in Great Britain. † (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt 2011) One of their base core values was liberty. However the liberties they wanted or already had experienced, had been threatened by the Britain’s greed. They opposed being held to rules that were not put in place by the population majority. They felt it was only just that the people in the colonies have rules and regulations that they set instead of following everything that Britain desired. Patriots had an overall want for a common good. The poor people would not be held to things the rich would put in place, instead the people of the colonies would find a common unity to benefit all of its inhabitants. Loyalists were a party of people that would closely identify with today’s slogan â€Å"if it isn’t broke, why fix it†. Everyone living in the colonies had adhered to the rules and regulations set forth in Britain before and in their eyes, change was not necessary. Many lacked the desire to rear against a country with so much power. Unlike the Loyalists opposing group, the demographics were much more similar in those that followed the King. Money was a common factor for them and so was the responsibility of being a business owner. Many business owners had links to Britain that tied their livelihood in America to their loyalties they expressed for Britain. Many Loyalists had ties to Britain’s upper-class through marriage and other family. All factors that can solidify the stance many Loyalists chose. They also feared the upheaval that could arise without being under the control of Britain. They had no way of knowing their families would be safe or that their businesses would not be destroyed. They had no reason to be confident there worries might be unjustified when the Patriots resorted to violence. Britain wasn’t only safe because change is hard; Britain was safe because of the orderliness that they maintained. Loyalists also felt it was a moral issue to not be loyal to King George III. In their eyes, they did not have the power to choose and side when their moral beliefs told them their only option was to be loyal to the crown. Finally there was the group that did not take a solid stance on either side of the debate. The neutral party was not necessarily the easier side to be on though. They tried to keep more to themselves and not be as active as others did. They tried to maintain a low profile and stay out of the way. However, by not choosing to be on one side or the other they were looked at poorly by both Patriots and Loyalists. They continued business with Britain, and followed their own protocol they deemed appropriate for themselves. â€Å"Men of good will simply should not rob and butcher one another, they believed, and many felt that the correct stance was to refrain if at all possible from any form of participation. † (Fellman 1990) Note that â€Å"if at all possible† was not always permitted. â€Å"Nearly half of all colonists did not want to take sides. They wanted to remain neutral in the conflict between the British and the Patriots. But they were forced to choose sided once the war began. (Todd 2001) Everyone living in the American colonies during the war felt the effects. Though not all wanted to be involved, nor did many feel the need to participate, it was unavoidable. Men, women, and children shed blood; there was no one who was not impacted. Being a Patriot, Loyalist, or a neutral party was based on differences varying from monetary and social class, right down to fear of chang e; however, there was no difference when comparing the high emotion and the impact experienced during the American War. Works Cited Cowley, Robert, and Geoffrey Parker. Reader’s Companion to Military History. Wilmington: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2001. Fellman, Michael. Inside War: The Guerrilla Conflict in Missouri During the American Civil War. Oxford University Press, 1990. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 2011. http://www. hmheducation. com/fl/pdf/resources/Grade5/T-5-1_SFLETG713311_TGL08. pdf (accessed September 14, 2012). Todd, Anne M. The Revolutionary War. Capstone, 2001. How to cite Patriots, Loyalist, and the Neutral Ones Stuck in the Middle, Papers

What is your American Dream an Example of the Topic Personal Essays by

What is your American Dream? No dream is more precious and unique than the dream of the dreamer itself. Every dreamer has a unique and artistic idea for the future. This is one of the driving forces that made every human being eat, work, and strive. However, achieving success is not like stepping on a bus and from one moment youre on another place. It is strived hard and one should have the patience and perseverance to achieve his dreams. Need essay sample on "What is your American Dream?" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Many have said that poverty is not a hindrance to success (it is only a hurdle). Well agree with that. Although everybody has a chance to be successful, we cant deny that not everyone is given the same chances and opportunities like others have. Still, if one will strive harder and not loss faith then definitely his dreams will be achieved. The same with other dreamer, I also have a unique and precious American Dreams. Some of these are means and ways to achieve itself but the extent is to have family and husband/financial security able to continue providing help for my grandmother and elderly uncle. One of my dreams is to finish college. This is common for undergrads. Then continue y education, ultimately be accepted into a prestigious Law School (CORNELL School of Law), then become an attorney, continue schooling to have a doctorate degree and become a pallet judge. For some this is impossible to achieve but with His grace and my faith, this will be achieved. I know its not easy to put my dreams into reality. It needs effort. As Ive stated, everybody is given an opportunity and unique opportunity to achieve it. It needs courage and determination knowing what Ive gone through. Ive lost my father during the hurricane Katrina and my mother died when I was 17. Now I have a baby whom Im raising alone. Everybody knows how hard a single parent is and how difficult the role of a student parent. Well anyway, its a step by step process. I should not magnify the problems and hurdles. It should be seen and treated on its weakest point. In other words I will gradually solve the problems and achieve my goals. Its like walking a mile; it started with a single pace. Try to imagine walking a mile, its hard and tiring right? But try to walk pace by pace without minding the long path then you wont notice and cant believe that at another moment you finish the mile walk. I like the saying of Thomas Edison about opportunity, he said Opportunity is missed by most people because it is dressed in overall and looks like work. Well, everything is a hard work. Theres only basic plan for these dreams, have courage and focused on the dreams. Ill take another pace to go a mile. Ill continue what Ive started and this will serve as a plan for the future: gradually dealing with problems and continue soaring. Work cited: EssayWriters. 2007. EssayWriters.net.

10 traits of a great manager, according to Google

10 traits of a great manager, according to Google There are many reasons that Google has been successful in its bid to become a globally dominant company. (Its onetime motto, â€Å"don’t be evil,† probably didn’t hurt.) But one of the most important factors is one you can’t see by going online and using one of their many tools, or asking your Google Home to tell you: effective management. You don’t build a company that big and that successful without quality people at all levels.In its regular Project Oxygen studies to analyze how to improve management and leadership at the company, Google has come up with a number of traits that make a good manager.1. â€Å"Is a good coach†A coach is only as strong as what his or her players produce. A high-quality manager supports the team, always working closely with team members to provide guidance, motivate them, and make sure that everything is moving along as it should.2. â€Å"Empowers team and does not micromanage†It may seem like getting the outcome you want from employees means micromanaging their every move. In reality, it’s a fast way to take power away from individuals and make them less likely to grow and change in ways that make the work better. A great manager knows when to step back and let team members take agency and initiative, building their own confidence and leadership skills while getting the work done. Trusting your team to do what they need to do is a morale booster, and helps create more productive, more satisfied employees.3. â€Å"Creates an inclusive team environment, showing concern for success and well-being†If employees don’t feel supported, work is likely to suffer and you start losing talented people. A great manager makes sure that each team member feels valued and supported in their work. Knowing that your manager cares about you, and not just the work output, improves morale and helps employees feel like a necessary part of the team’s goals.hbspt.cta.load(2785852 , '9e52c197-5b5b-45e6-af34-d56403f973c5', {});4. â€Å"Is productive and results-oriented†Setting goals and making sure everyone is working effectively toward them is a key part of managing well. It’s up to the manager to set those expectations, and show that he or she is just as committed to them as everyone else.5. â€Å"Is a good communicator- listens and shares information†Nothing causes frustration in the ranks faster than poor communication to and from the top. There’s a reason that communication skills are on just about every job description under the sun. It’s not just about passing information, it’s also about knowing how to hear and understand what’s going on, react appropriately, and communicate outward. That means being able to navigate sticky work politics, as well as take feedback and concerns from employees.6. â€Å"Supports career development and discusses performance†A great manager doesn’t just see team members as faceless worker bees doing the same job over and over indefinitely. A great manager works with team members to find opportunities for improvement and define job goals in a way that pushes them forward. Performance reviews (whether formal or periodic â€Å"how are things going?† check-ins) can identify ways employees can grow and let them know you’re there to support that.7. â€Å"Has a clear vision/strategy for the team†Another morale killer: not really understanding how or why the work is being done. Managing well includes coaching employees toward a particular goal or strategy. Sometimes those are handed down from above as part of a larger corporate mission, but other times it means defining what your group hopes to achieve. Having a clear strategy and communicating that to team members shows how everyday work is contributing to the company’s larger goals or mission. It’s your job to make sure everyone’s seeing the forest and t he trees.8. â€Å"Has key technical skills to help advise the team†It may be that your job is assembling and cultivating experts- not being an expert yourself in a particular process or skill set. You don’t necessarily have to be better than your employees at everything, but you should definitely have enough technical skill to be able to speak intelligently about it, and be ready to provide guidance or support when necessary.9. â€Å"Collaborates across Google†No team is an island. (Okay, that’s not quite how it goes, but you get the gist.) No matter how specialized your team may be, chances are you have to get information from other teams, communicate with other teams, or collaborate on projects with other teams. It’s important to make sure those connections with other groups and colleagues across the company are valued, and ensure that communication is smooth between your team and others.10. â€Å"Is a strong decision maker†Being the boss means having to make the decisions, tough or not. Getting input from others is important, but if you want to push your managerial skills to the next level, that means owning the decision-making process and backing your decisions with as much information and education as possible.If you’re looking to boost your bossing, paying attention to these 10 qualities will help you become a well-rounded manager.

4 Icebreaker Activities for Use Year Round

4 Icebreaker Activities for Use Year Round A positive school climate improves outcomes for students, especially those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. A positive school climate also contributes to academic achievement. Creating a positive school climate that offers such benefits can start in the classroom, and one way to start is by using icebreakers. Although icebreakers do not outwardly appear academic, they are a first step to building a positive classroom climate. According to researchers  Sophie Maxwell et al. in their report The Impact of School Climate and School Identification on Academic Achievement in Frontier Psychology (12/2017), the more positively students perceived school climate, the better their achievement scores were in the numeracy and writing domains. Included in these perceptions were  connections to a class and  the strength of relationships with school staff.   Fostering feelings of trust and acceptance in relationships is difficult when students do not know how to talk to each other. Developing empathy and making connections come from interactions in an informal environment. An emotional connection to  a classroom or school will  improve a students motivation to attend. Teachers might use the following four activities at the beginning of school. They each can be adapted to refresh classroom collaboration and cooperation at various times of the year. Crossword Connection This activity includes visual symbols of connection and self-introductions. The teacher prints her name on the board, leaving some space between each letter. She then tells the class something about herself. Next, she picks a student to come to the board, tell something about themselves  and print their name crossing the teachers name as in a crossword puzzle. Students take turns by saying something about themselves and adding their names. Volunteers copy the completed puzzle as a poster.  The puzzle could be written on paper taped to the board and left up in the first-draft form to save time. This activity can be extended by asking each student to write their name and a statement about themselves on a sheet of paper. The teacher can then use the statements as clues for class names made with crossword puzzle software. TP Surprise Students will know you are full of fun with this one. The teacher welcomes students at the door at the start of class while holding a roll of toilet paper. He or she instructs students to take as many sheets as they need but refusing to explain the purpose. Once the class begins, the teacher asks students to write one interesting thing about themselves on each sheet. When students are finished, they can introduce themselves by reading each sheet of toilet paper. Variation: Students write one thing they hope or expect to learn in the course this year on each sheet. Take a Stand The purpose of this activity is for students to survey their peers positions quickly on various matters. This survey also combines physical movement with topics that range from the serious to the ridiculous. The teacher puts one long line of tape down the center of the room, pushing desks out of the way so that students can stand on either side of the tape. The teacher reads a  statement with either-or answers such as, I prefer night or day, Democrats or Republicans, lizards or snakes. The statements can range from silly trivia to serious content. After hearing each statement, students agreeing with the first response move to one side of the tape and those agreeing with the second, to the other side  of the tape. Undecided or middle-of-the-roaders are allowed to straddle the line of tape. Jigsaw Search Students especially enjoy the search aspect of this activity. The teacher prepares jigsaw puzzle shapes. The shape may be symbolic of a topic or in different colors. These are cut like a jigsaw puzzle with the number of pieces matching the desired group size from two to four. The teacher allows students to select one puzzle piece from a container as they walk into the room. At the designated time, students search the classroom for peers who have puzzle pieces that fit theirs and then team up with those students to perform a task. Some  tasks might be to introduce a partner, to make a poster defining a concept, or to decorate the puzzle pieces and make a mobile. The teacher may have students print their names on both sides of their puzzle piece in order to facilitate name learning during the search activity. The names could be erased or crossed out so the puzzle pieces can be reused. Later, the puzzle pieces can be used as a way to review subject content, for example, by joining an author and his novel, or an element and its properties. Note: If the number of puzzle pieces does not match the number of students in the room, some students will not have a complete group. Leftover puzzle pieces can be placed on a table for students to check to see if their group will be short members.

Cold War and Decolonization Annotated Bibliography

Cold War and Decolonization - Annotated Bibliography Example The friendship was created through various supports in terms of manpower, materials, and aids. However, such countries are said to have received no return for their support. In fact, as noted in the article, communist expansion to third world countries was a problem as acted as an impediment to the democratization process. On the other hand, there is argument that communist association with third world countries was as a result of competition with America and West European Liberal Capitalist. Also, America is said to have dominated in the international realm during this period. Therefore, the decolonization process was seen as a better way of controlling America dominance. The author also notes that rivalry that existed between communist and America was based on political economy. Also, the rivalry is noted to have affected the new emerging states. The states were faced with a dilemma on which side to support. This is seen to have created a chance for social awakening in post-war

Research paper that will explore the resiliency of elders of the Asian

That will explore the resiliency of elders of the Asian cultrue - Research Paper Example Conversely, recent indication is provoking the supposition that elderly people are solely recipients of support, or that they obtain more assistance from their adult children than they give to them. Older people though are crucial sponsors of assistance to their children as well as their grandchildren, together with providing financial aid, baby-sitting assistances, housing, advice, and emotional support. Older people nowadays are more probable to afford accommodation for their sons and daughters, than they are to afford accommodation for them. This tendency has developed in recent years as older folks have turned out to be more financially secure while their children are less stable. Most lately, the fact of "boomerang" children -- going back to the parent nest because of unemployment and divorce -- is somewhat accountable for this development. An outline of give-and-take exchange where aging parents obtain more assistance from their adult children than they offer to their adult children--or responsibility reversal--naturally upturns with age, yet it cannot be assumed a characteristic of older parents in general. Findings have revealed that older parents are essentially net suppliers of assistance up to their 80s. Additionally, when responsibility reversal ensues, the swap tends to ensue for contributory more than responsive types of assistance. Several viewpoints on the elderly family indicate that getting too much assistance (over-support) from children or getting assistance from children, which cannot be countered may trigger distress amid older people. Most African American older people choose to stay functionally independent for as much as it is conceivable before depending on children for assistance. Findings display that the aging generally anticipate less assistance from their own children than they (children) are eager to offer. Certainly, at high points of strength, intergenerational social

Sony Company Analysis: SWOT, PEST, 5 Forces and SGA

Sony Company Analysis: SWOT, PEST, 5 Forces and SGA Sony SWOT Analysis | Five Forces Analysis of Sony | PEST Analysis of Sony | Strategic Group Analysis of Sony Executive Summary The purpose of this paper is to analyse Sonys strategy and assess various tools which give the greatest insight into that strategy. The assessment of the company is based on four tools, mainly: SWOT, PEST, Porters Five Forces and Strategic Group Analysis (SGA). Those tools are believed to critically evaluate Sonys tactics with regards to its competition, external and internal environment. Furthermore, the tools critically assess Sonys gaps in its strategy. Introduction Sony Corporation has been very successful over several decades and has used its innovation to create a multibillion and multinational electronic empire. With products such as: transistor radio, the Trinitron, the VTR and many more the company has changed our everyday lives. Nowadays, Japanese companies such as Sony can set a good example for other international companies to benchmark the way they implement their business strategy. However, the current slowdown of global economy, the appreciation of yen and the decline of Japanese stock market had forced Sony to re-examine its current business approach (Sony, 2009). Hence, this paper critically evaluates Sonys business strategy. The assessment of the company is based on four tools that give the greatest insight into Sonys strategy, mainly: SWOT, PEST, Porters Five Forces and Strategic Group Analysis (SGA). Sony Company: A brief introduction Sony is an international corporation with major businesses in electronics, movies, video games, and finance. The Japan-based company is one of the worlds largest media conglomerates with revenue of $89.6 billion in its fiscal 2008 (Sony, 2009). Sony is a well-recognized brand name of consumer electronics and its key products are CyberShot digital cameras, Bravia LCD TVs and VAIO computers. Those products constitute 65.1% of sales and operating revenue. The three biggest markets for SONY are Europe with 25.7 % of operating revenue followed by Japan with 24.2 % and USA with 23.6%. Innovation leader Sony is an innovation leader. In fact, Sony is still among the top 10 most innovative companies in the world, according to Leberecht (2008). What is more, Sony has led the market in terms of innovative technologies and high quality items. Throughout its history, Sony has proved that the company can capture the imagination and improve peoples lives by using cutting edge technologies. Sonys Business Strategy Sonys Business Strategy is to be the leading global provider of networked consumer electronics and entertainment in the world (Sony 2008). In order to do that Sony will try to retain market shares in developed markets by introducing innovative technologies and enter new products to emerging markets to achieve higher sales growth and eventually bigger market share. As can be seen above new user groups with great response to adoption of electronics have emerged. Those groups have been called BRIC (for Brazil, Russia, India and China). They are the worlds fastest growing economies, contributing to a great deal of the worlds explosive growth of trade. By 2020, the four biggest emerging markets share of world output will double to 16.1 % from 7.8% in 1992 (IDC, 2006). Consequently, Sony will aim to grab some of it. SWOT Analysis Why does a SWOT give the greatest insight into Sonys strategy? Organizations such as Sony do not exist in a vacuum but rather exist and compete and cooperate in an interrelated environment characterized by complexity. Understanding this environment is fundamental for Sony to become a leader and gain bigger market share. Therefore, SWOT analysis is a useful aid to do that. The analysis is used at the beginning of strategic decision-making where it provides the basic framework (Hamel Prahalad 1994). SWOT creates lists of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats where an organizations use these to generate strategies that fit their particular projected situation, objectives and their capabilities (Bourgeois 1996; Pearce and Robinson 2003; Thompson and Strickland 1998).Consequently, buy conducting SWOT analysis on SONY it will be visible if the companys strategy fits projected situation. Furthermore, Valentin (2001) said that the SWOT analysis gives the greatest insights into companys strategy as it shows the companys conventional approach of realizing the desired alignment. As a result SWOT analysis is a valuable tool in the field of business strategy and gives the greatest insight into Sonys strategy because it illustrates important aspects of organisations environment and decisions made by the management. Sonys SWOT Strengths Ability to produce innovative, quality products Sonys innovations have become part of the mainstream culture. Starting with the first magnetic tape and tape recorder in 1950, then the transistor radio in 1995 and the worlds first all-transistor TV set in 1960 and many more as shown below. Ability to be successful in several different markets Sony is successful in several different markets. The company has made an impact in the PC market, video game market and especially the television market. Fast growing company Sony ranks among ZDNet Asias Top 10 fastest-growing companies for 2008/2009 (ZDNet Asia 2009). M2M monitoring technology Sony has M2M Machine-to-Machine (M2M) remote monitoring technology-based service solutions. The service solution allows cost-effectively and continually monitor and manage the various components of production (Sony, 2006). Weaknesses Products are expensive Sonys products are 20 to 30 percent higher than comparable goods (Cook, 2003). For that reason, for example, people in developing countries with minimum wage cannot afford to purchase them. Inefficient supply chain Sony is trying to close the gap with technologies companies such as Apple or Amazon which use Internet services to improve their electronics such as digital-music players. However, because of its business overload of heavy operating costs leading to inefficient supply chain Sony is missing that market gap. Opportunities Complementary products and services Sony has opportunity to sell complementary products and Internet services in saturated markets (Japan, USA) and standard products in emerging markets (China, India, Latin America). Innovative design Sony can use user- friendly applications, innovative materials and attractive visual appearance to differentiate products. New technologies 3D TV technologies that use a single image which is split by mirrors and not as in majority of 3D set ups that use two camera systems (BBC, 2009). Threats New entrants New companies can enter the market since the shift from analog to digital technology made it easier. This is because complicated functionality has become concentrated in semiconductors and easier to manufacture. Emerging markets Economic uncertainty and political instability in markets such as China, India, Russia is more violated than this of United States and Western Europe. Porters Five Forces Why Porters Five Forces would give the greatest insight into Sonys strategy Sony has to analyse and understand the industry context for developed markets in order to sustain its strategy which is to be an innovation leader and the worlds leading consumer brand. The model of the Five Competitive Forces developed by Porter can facilitate. Porter (1980) identified five competitive forces that shape every industry and every market. These forces determine the competition and show the attractiveness of an industry and its potential. Furthermore, Porters model is based on the approach that a corporate strategy should meet the opportunities and threats in the organizations external environment. Particularly, competitive strategy should focus on understanding industry structures and the way they change. Consequently, it is one of the most effective tools to give insight into Sonys strategy. Porters Five Forces Analysis The following model illustrates Porters Five Forces Analysis: Threat of New Entrants Low Any beginner will need economies of scale to be successful in this market. A small player will require strong relations with suppliers and efficient manufacturing processes otherwise it will not be achievable for him to produce at a low cost. This may result in incurring losses and failing to gain bigger market share. Furthermore, every company that wants to compete in this market will require sophisticated technology and well developed RD unit. Bargaining Power of Suppliers- Low Due to the fact that there are so many suppliers bargaining power of them is low. Companies in the electronics industry are looking for cheaper imports from countries such as Taiwan or China (Armstrong Kotler 2008). Many are relocating manufacturing facilities to these countries, as price competition is on the rise. Suppliers are forced to cut their prices or go bankrupt due to the price war as their customers can go to other suppliers who are offering lower price. What is more, manufacturing has shifted from brand owners to mass logistics manufacturers in order to cut the costs associated with the production (Sony, 2009). Large companies from similar industries can now enter this market and that is why bargaining power of suppliers is low. Bargaining Power of Buyers- High First group- buyers, who purchase from retailers: (Curry, Argos) that have long term relationships with global brands such as Sony, Canon, Kodak, Nikon, Olympus. Curry or Argos has high buying power since it offers customers great value by checking competitors prices and securing exclusive deals from key manufactures, and making a decision which product to choose. Second group- individual customers even though they have limited buying power and they do not have much impact on the company directly, they are the one who buy products from Curry or Argos and they influence those retailers over which product they will choose in future. Threat of Substitutes- High The threat of substitutes is very high example digital cameras. Camera phones are ideal substitute for all digital cameras. According to Lyras research, a digital imaging research firm, mobile phones are selling faster than digital cameras. Lyras (2006) estimated that the camera phones reached 850 million units in 2006, and this number is expected to grow to more than 1.5 billion units in 2010. Competitive Rivalry between Existing Players- High There are numerous and rather equally balanced firms competing in this market with Sony the biggest ones are Panasonic, Phillips. The competition is fierce; there is a short product life cycle, high cost associated with RD that gives low profit margins and finally high exit barriers. It is noticeable that over the years, the nature of the business has forced manufacturers such as Sony to offer innovations with enhanced models (Johnson et al 2008). Moreover, brand name is no longer as important as it used to be (Anderson, 2008). Consumers are now looking for electronic goods that offer their most wanted features at the lowest price, regardless of brand. PEST Analysis Why PEST analysis would give the greatest insight into Sonys strategy Another strategic tool that can help to evaluate Sonys strategy is PEST analysis. It is a valuable tool for understanding the big picture of the environment in which an organisation is operating (Bowman Faulkner, 1996). PEST analysis is a framework that categorises environmental influences as political, economic, social and technological forces (Jones Hill 1992). In view of the fact it is important to identify those factors as they might have affect on Sonys supply and demand levels and its costs especially in emerging markets. Furthermore, PEST gives the greatest insight into Sonys strategy since it will show the market growth (emerging markets) and decline (developed markets), potential and direction for Sonys operations. What is more, PEST analysis will show whether it was worth to enter Sonys business operations into new markets and new countries. Consequently, PEST analysis with SWOT and Porters Five Forces model will help to review Sonys strategic direction. Political Tariff reduction in EU Tariff reduction in EU countries will affect directly import and export procedures in Sony corporation, as the price will be modified due to this policy. Emerging markets Unfavourable political factor including unforeseen legal or regulatory changes such as foreign exchange, import and export controls, political instability and potential conflicts among developing nations. Economic Products Sonys products are rather expensive and people in developing countries with minimum wage cannot afford to purchase them. Uncertainty The economic situation in developing markets can get worse, which could result in future effects on earnings (Jeanet Hennessey 2004). Foreign exchange Foreign exchange rate fluctuations can have an effect on financial results since large portion of Sonys sales and assets are denominated in currencies other than the yen. Social Customer preferences In some markets, customer needs and preferences are becoming more similar (Johnson et al., 2008 p. 69). Electronics goods are standardised products therefore culture no longer has a big impact. In fact, the more standardized product, the better chances to sell it worldwide. According to Slack, et al. (2007) this helps organization to have transference of marketing across countries. Technological Advanced technology Advanced technology to be more competitive in the market is a key issue (Armstrong Kotler, 2008). Sony knows that to manufacture very innovative products that will be hard to copy and help to lead in the market the company needs to invest and constantly improve its RD department. Strategic Group Analysis Why Strategic Group Analysis gives the greatest insight Strategic Group Analysis is useful for every company as it can be performed in a short period of time. This tool would give insight into determining different competitive positions of companies in the industry (Mintzberg et al 2003). The analysis can illustrate intensity of rivalry within and between groups and implications of competitive position (Bourgeos, 1996). This is because Strategic Group Analysis is a collect of companies in an industry. Furthermore, groups of companies are clustered around a similar competitive approach or strategic position. Finally, the companies in a group are similar to each other but different from companies in other groups. Consequently, this tool is useful in assessing Sonys position among its rivals and provides insight into its strategy. The diagram above shows strategic groups that are in competition with each other. These are analysed according to price and customer perceived value (branding). Strategic spaces are opportunities for companies. For example in order to fulfil those spaces Sony could lower its prices and LG could change the perception of the brand to the higher value. However, this opportunity might be a threat as Sony could lose profits and customers by lowering prices and its perceived value. In LG case, the company would have to spend a lot of money on the marketing campaign to change the perception of the products and invest in RD to actually change the product to a higher standard. What is more, the company would have to charge more for its products and therefore it might lose customers. Mobility barriers The mobility barriers restrict enterprises in electronics industry to go from one strategic group to another. If Sony moved from one group to another, it could incur higher costs or threat of lowering perceived value. However, with more flexible manufacturing and fast development of new technologies in the future the barriers to mobility may be lowered and it might be easier for Sony to go from one strategic group to another. Conclusion Sonys strategy has been analysed using SWOT analysis, Porters competitive forces model, PEST analysis and Strategic Group Analysis. Those tools gave the greatest insight into the companys strategy. This is because they analysed the companys competition, its competitive advantage, internal and external environment. By understanding those, the company can retain market shares in developed markets and enter new products to emerging markets to achieve higher sales growth and eventually bigger market share. Consequently, those tools are vital for assessing the companys strategy as they take into consideration existing factors but also forecast change for the future. This way Sony can adjust its strategy to the environment in which it operates. Furthermore, appreciate its investment into RD by assessing its clients needs. This further leads to Sonys competitive gain. References: Anderson, C. (2008) Future of the Business available from [accessed 21 November] Armstrong, G. and Kotler, P. (2008) Principles of marketing 13th ed., New Jersey, Pearson Prentice Hall. BBC (2009) Sony shows off 3D TV technology available from http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/8285187.stm [Accessed 20 November] Bowman, C. and Faulkner, D (1996) The Essence of Competitive Strategy Prentice Hall. pp.25-19 Bourgeois, J.L. (1996), Strategic Management from Concept to Implementation, The Dryden Press, Florida pp. 34-40 Celik A. (2008) Emerging Markets available from http://celikalper.wordpress.com/2008/11/18/emerging-markets/ [Accessed on 22 November] Cook B. (2003) Sony Powered Brand Channel available form http://www.brandchannel.com/features_profile.asp?pr_id=128 [Accessed on 21 November] Grant, R.M. (2005) Contemporary strategic analysis. London: Blackwell pp. 56-62 Hamel, G. and Prahalad, H.K. (1994) Competing for the Future, Boston, Harvard Business School Press pp. 36-39 Jeanet, J.P., Hennessey, H.D. (2004) Global marketing strategies 6th ed., Boston, Houghton Mifflin pp. 41-45 Jones, G.R., Hill, C.W. (1992), Strategic Management: An Integrated Approach, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston pp. 28-33 Johnson, G., Scholes, K. and Whittington, R. (2008) Exploring Corporate Strategy (8th Edition) Text and Cases, Prentice Hall, Harlow pp. 28-43 Leberecht T (2008) The worlds 50 most innovative companies available from http://news.cnet.com/8301-13641_3-9926227-44.html [Accessed 20 November] Lyra Research Corporation (2006) Mobile phones available from: [Accessed 23 November] Mintzberg, H., Lampel, J., Quinn, J., Ghoshal, S. (2003), The Strategy Process: Concepts, Contexts and Cases, 4th end., Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. pp. 45-49 Pearce, J.A. and Robinson, R.B (2003) Strategic Management: Formulation, Implementation and Control (8th Edition), McGraw-Hill, New York, NY pp. 56-62 Porter M.E. (1980) Competitive Strategy Free Press, New York pp. 27-45 Slack N., Chambers S. and Johnston R. (2007) Operations Management, Fifth Edition, Harlow, Prentice Hall. pp 35-37 Sony (2006) Sony Annual Report 2006. Available from: http://www.sony.net/SonyInfo/IR/financial/ar/2006/index.html > [Accessed 15 November 2006] Sony (2008) Sony Group Corporate Strategy Update FY2008 FY2010. Available from: http://www.sony.net/SonyInfo/News/Press/200806/08-080E/ [Accessed 22 November] Sony (2009) Sony Annual Report 2009. Available from: http://www.sony.net/SonyInfo/IR/financial/ar/8ido180000023g2o-att/SonyAR09-E.pdf [Accessed 22 November] Thompson, Arthur A., Jr., and Strickland, A. J. (1998). Strategic Management, 10th ed. Boston: Irwin/McGraw-Hill. pp. 12-24 ZDNet Asia (2009) Sony is a leading consumer electronics and entertainment company globally Top Tech Index 2008/2009 available from http://www.zdnetasia.com/toptech/2008/0,3800017271,62048727,00.htm [Accessed 19 November] Sony aims to continue being one of the worlds leading consumer brands in the 21st century, providing customers with a wide range of attractive products, content and services (Sony 2009 p 3). Sony will aim to achieve higher sales growth through gaining bigger market share. PEST analysis can help to understand risks associated with the market growth or decline, and the position, potential and direction for an individual businesses or organizations (Grant, 2005). PEST analysis is frequently used as a generic orientation tool, that can help to find out where a company or a product is in the context of what is happening externally (Jones Hill 1992). The four elements shape a structure for reviewing a situation and strategy or position. PEST analysis needs to be carried out on a regular basis to be effective. Companies can gain competitive advantage when they do analyses regularly and systematically as they can spot trends before others and exploit them fully. Thus, PEST is a tool that would give the greatest insight into Sonys strategy. Effect of Yoga on Bed Wetting in Children | Study Effect of Yoga on Bed Wetting in Children | Study EFFECT OF YOGA ON BED WETTING FREQUENCY IN CHILDREN A Pilot study ABSTRACT Bed wetting or Nocturnal enuresis is a common problem in children. It refers to the unintentional passage of urine during sleep. Bed wetting is normal till the age of 5yrs, if continues over the age is due to physical as well as psychological connection. 15% of populations have this problem globally. Yoga is a traditional Indian medicine which was now used up for many clinical conditions. The aim of this study is to find out the effect of yoga on reduction of bed wetting frequency in children. 10 children with complains of nocturnal enuresis were selected by purposive sampling method. Structured yoga programme was given to the children. The yoga programme was conducted alternate days for 4 weeks. Voiding dairy was used to evaluate the improvement on bed wetting frequency. Following the 4 weeks of programme the collected data’s were analyzed using the descriptive statistical method. This study finds that yoga is useful method in reduction of bed wetting frequency. Thus the stud y concludes that yoga play a major role in reduction of bed wetting in children and it also promotes psychological and moral boost to the children. Key words: Yoga, Bed wetting, Voiding diary. Nocturnal enuresis. INTRODUCTION Bedwetting is also called as nocturnal enuresis, it is the involuntary discharge of urine in children during night or during sleep1. When the child tends to voids involuntarily for at least three times a week after 5 years without any congenital defects is termed as nocturnal enuresis.2 In India about 15 million children were having bed wetting problem. It is one of the commonest problems in young children. Usually it is found more common in boys3. 1.6% to 15% of children wet their bed during night, it is found that 10% to 15% of five-year-old children and 6% to 8% of eight-year-old children, and it declines to 1% to 2% by 15 years of age4. Nocturnal enuresis is one of the common urological problem. Actual cause of the bed wetting is unknown. It was considered to be one of the most disabling problems during child physical as well as psychological development. Though it looks a simple problem there may be various other conditions underlying like, neuromotor problems, attention difficulties, learning disabilities, and the possibility of being the cause of psychological status. 5,6,7 Bed wetting without day time symptoms are termed as mono-symptomatic nocturnal enuresis whereas bed wetting occurs both day and night are termed it as Non-monosymptomatic 9. Delvin conducted a population survey on 1800 Irish children with the age of 4—14 years and he found that 33% of children void less than once a week, 11% voids once a week and 25% voids two to four times per month10. Bed wetting will cause enormous emotional impact in child as well as their parents. Children with enuresis are commonly punished and are at the risk of emotional and physical abuse11. Parents should understand that bed wetting is never done on purpose or not done as laziness 8. Many studies have identified the impact of bed wetting may cause anxiety, embarrassment, loss of self-esteem, concentration difficulty, learning difficulty and may impact the psychological status of the children12. Bedwetting tend to run in families. Many children who wet the bed have a parent who did, too. Most of these children stop bedwetting on their own at about the same age the parent did.13 Most children outgrow bed-wetting without treatment4. However, some child may need some additional assistance from physician. Bedwetting is typically seen more as a social disturbance than a medical disease because it creates embarrassment and anxiety in the child and conflicts with parents. The single most important thing parents should do is to be supportive and reassuring rather than blaming and punishing. The many treatment options range from home remedies to drugs, even surgery for children with anatomical problems14. Primary management of bed wetting is behavioral modification and positive reinforcement15. Yoga isan ancient tradition that has been westernized and often practiced for its proposed health benefits. Yoga therapy was described by Indian authors 2500 years ago, but it still plays an important role in everyone’s life16. It often translates union of the mind, body and spirit17. Yoga is considered as a mind and body exercises, it helps to unite the body and mind; it brings the physiological state of the body and shape emotions, thoughts and attitudes18. Yoga becomes a promising therapy for the children. It plays an important role in development of several aspects of cognition and executive functions19. Certain yoga postures or asanas have proved to help the child to overcome the bed wetting. Though there were extensive articles on benefits of yoga in bed wetting, still there is no study to prove its efficacy. There is no head to head comparison of the yoga on its role on nocturnal enuresis. This pilot study tries to identify the effectiveness of yoga in the nocturnal enuresis. The study hypothesized that there will be no significant difference in reduction of Bed wetting frequency following yoga therapy. METHODOLOGY Subjects were selected through purposive sampling method with descriptive study design. 10 children complains of bed wetting were included in the study. Prior to the selection of the children for the study, a clear analysis was done by urologist and an approval from pediatrician who states that there was no other medical reason for the nocturnal enuresis. A clear examination was done by the senior physiotherapist to rule out any bony deformities (Structural). Clear instruction to the children and the mother about the benefits of yoga and its physiological role on urinary system was clearly explained. Informed consent was obtained from the mother. Upon obtaining the concern 10 male children were included with the age group of 6—10 years, having normal life style, complains of nocturnal enuresis at least 3 times in a week, well-nourished children, school going children and those who are willing to do yoga, and those who wish to continue yoga regularly. The study excludes mental retarded children, children with urinary infections, mal nourished, underweight and any other structural deformity. A detailed session on yoga and its benefits was given to all children and the mother / guardian. Queries and Questions raised by the parents were addressed, and advised all parents to bring the children compulsory. The yoga programme was conducted for 4 weeks of duration, and a session of the program was conducted alternate days, each sessions consist of 30—45 minutes of duration. All subjects were taught yoga postures (i.e asanas). Six asanas were chosen for this study, the asanas were chosen as per discussion with the stalwarts in yoga and yoga guru. Asanas were trained to the children by the researchers, all the postures / asanas have to sustain for ten to fifteen counts. For the first three sessions the children were taught to do asanas and difficult postures were assisted by the researcher, later, once they mastered the technique, they are all practiced to do these postures without support. List of asanas trained to the children are Konasana, Sakrasana (Standing), Yoga mudra, Sarvangasana, Savasana ,Nisbandabhava. Before commencement of the study a warm up programme was given with Suryanamaskar for 10 mins. Once they completed then the children were initiated the asanas. At the end of the program savasana was given to relax the muscles. The programme was conducted initially in groups, all the queries were cleared on every session. This study was accepted by the Institutional ethical committee. There was no harm involving the participants in this study. There was no drop out in this study. Voiding dairy given to the mother and asked them to fill up when their children does bed wetting. The data were collected in likert scale (i.e 0—5 scale), and the data are used for the analysis and it was tabulated in percentage. RESULT AND DISCUSSION The data was analyzed by using SPSS statistical package, 19.1. The table I shows the general information about the children. All children included in the study are males. There are various studies suggest that male children are mostly involved in nocturnal enuresis. Voiding history noted in these children is only during sleep and at the night time only. 80% Parents of the children has the family history of nocturnal enuresis. We also gathered that 85 % of parents scold or punish their children for the bed wetting. Table II shows the voiding history of the participants which was shown in percentage. It shows that 57 % of participants are with the age group of 6, 8 years. 4 times in a week is the maximum voiding frequency by the children. Two children has the history of voiding 2 times in a week, others are having the frequency of more than 3 times per week. Table III shows the voiding history before the yoga programme and after the yoga programme. The table value shows that there was a significant difference existed between the groups. There was a marked difference between the pre and post test values. The result of the study revealed that the yoga programme has showed a marked reduction on bed wetting frequency in children. Yoga helps to promote retention control, regular practicing helps to postpone urination by few seconds to few minutes. Bed wetting is a shameful situation for children as well as parents, but it is not a serious problem, and it is common in boys20. Yoga play a major role in control of bed wetting, the retention exercises should be increased gradually without putting pressure on the children, and the exercises would help to increase the control in bladder muscles and also increases bladder capacity20. Yoga helps to strengthen muscles which control urination. It also helps in increasing bladder capacity. Regular practicing yoga will stimulate the nervous system, and thereby influence the micturition system in the spinal cord lead to better control and coordination of the process21. Yoga also helps in reduction and prevention of the psychosomatic stress disorders 22. Studies found that yoga help in improving the bladder control in patients with urinary incontinence. Few researches conducted for women who show that yoga improves pelvic health and helps in gaining control over the urine leakage. Yoga programme directs the mind awareness and increases relaxation and relieves anxiety and stress23. The study confirms that the yoga programme will improve the bladder control in children and it was a beneficial one for the treatment of bed wetting. Regular practicing of yoga provides additional benefits like improvement of flexibility and also help to improve the concentration, memory and reduction in stress level. However, the study was done in a small group, the results can’t be generalized, and there was an elaborate and large group of participants needed. The other factors like psychological or pharmacological factors were not considered in this study, future study need a holistic approach in the management. REFERENCES: Dalton R. Enuresis. In: Behrman R, Kliegman R, Arvin A, Nelson W, editors.Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics.15th edn . Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1996. pp. 79–80. Forsythe, W. I., Butler, R. J.: Fifty years enureticalarms.Archives of Disease in Childhood, 64: 879, 1989 Caldwell PH, Edgar D, Hodson E, Craig JC. Bedwetting and toileting problems in children.Med J Aust.2005;182(4):190–195 Mark Feldman et al., Management of primary nocturnal enuresis, Paediatr Child Health Vol 10 10(10): 611–614..December 2005. von Gontard A, Freitag CM, Seifen S, Pukrop R, RÃ ¶hling D. Neuromotor development in nocturnal enuresis.Dev Med Child Neurol.2006;48(9):744–750. Okur M, Ruzgar H, Erbey F, Kaya A. The evaluation of children with mono symptomatic nocturnal enuresis for attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder.Int J Psychiatry ClinPract.2012;16(3):229–232. Coppola G, Costantini A, Gaita M, Saraulli D. Psychological correlates of enuresis: a case-control study on an Italian sample.PediatrNephrol.2011;26(10):1829–1836 American Psychological Association.Diagnosis and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.4th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2000. pp. 108–110. vanGool, J. D., Nieuwenhuis, E., ten Doeschate, I. O. et al.: Subtypes in monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis. II. Scandinavian Journal of Urology Nephrology Supplementum, 202: 8, 1999 Devlin, J. B.: Prevalence and risk factors for childhood nocturnal enuresis. Irish Medical Journal, 84: 118, 1991 Kaplan, Harold, I and Sadock, M.D, Synopsis of Psychiatry, eight edition, 1998, Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins. Moffatt ME. Nocturnal enuresis: psychologic implications of treatment and non-treatment.J Pediatr. Apr 1989;114(4 Pt 2):697-704. Katz ER, DeMaso DR. Enuresis (bed-wetting). In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds.Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 19th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 21.3. Ramakrishnan, K, Evaluation and treatment of enuresis, American family physician 2008, vol 78, 4, 489-496. Glazener CM, Evans JH. Simple behavioural and physical interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children.Cochrane Database Syst Rev.2004. Garfinkel M, Schumacher H. Yoga Effects.Rheum Dis Clin North Am.2000;26:125–32. Satchidananda S.The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali.Yogaville, VA: Integral Yoga Publications; 2005. Cowen VS, Adams T. Physical and perceptual benefits of yoga asana practice.J BodyMovTher.2005;9:211–9. Chen TL, Mao HC, Lai CH, Li CY, Kuo CH:The effect of yoga exercise intervention on health related physical fitness in school-age asthmatic children.Hu Li ZaZhi2009,56:42-52. Nadeem Naqvi, 2011, Bed wetting problem: How to deal with bed wetting, http://www.studyvillage.com/resources/2899-Bedwetting-problem-How-deal-with-bed-wetting.aspx. Udupa, K. N, 2000, Stress and its management by yoga. New delhi, MotilalBanarisdass. Huang, Alison J.; Jenny, Hillary E.; Chesney, Margaret A.; Schembri, Michael; Subak, Leslee L.A Group-Based Yoga Therapy Intervention for Urinary Incontinence in Women: A Pilot Randomized Trial Female pelvic medicine Reconstructive surgery May/June 2014-Volume 20-Issue 3 pp:123-184 Huang, Alison J.; Jenny, Hillary E.; Chesney, Margaret A.; Schembri, Michael; Subak, Leslee L.A Group-Based Yoga Therapy Intervention for Urinary Incontinence in Women: A Pilot Randomized Trial Female pelvic medicine Reconstructive surgery May/June 2014-Volume 20-Issue 3 pp:123-184. TABLE I General Information’s Table II VOIDING HISTORY Table III VOIDING HISTORY 1

Bracero Program

The Bracero Program The Bracero Program was a temporary contract labor program initiated in 1942 by the United States and Mexico. Designed originally to bring a experienced Mexican agricultural laborers to harvest sugar beets in Stockton, California, but soon spread to most of the United States and to the railroad industry. Although the railroad program ended in 1945, after World War II the agricultural program continued until 1964. Originally, the program was designed to protect the illegal migrant workers against the exploitation by American farmers. However, it was criticized and was viewed as a failure from the humanitarian point of view. Workers in the Bracero Program continued to face struggles with the United States and Mexican governments. Many workers did not receive the mandatory savings accounts that were legally guaranteed to them upon conclusion of their contracts to work in the United States. In many states, specifically Texas, the local governments and authorities also took advantage of the workers. Graft and corruption on both sides of the border enriched many Mexican officials as well as unethical â€Å"coyote† freelancers in the United States who promised contracts in Texas for the unsuspecting Bracero. † reported by The Handbook of Texas Online (Handbook of Texas Online, s. v. , 2001. ) Because of the abuse of authoritative power, such as perfunctory arrest for petty causes, and obvious discrimination, Mexico excluded Texas was excluded from the labor-exchange program. Wages paid to legal contracted braceros were low. As well, these workers often encountered poor substandard living conditions. Many braceros left contracted work to return to home or to find better paying jobs. These braceros became known as â€Å"wetbacks. Farmers and ranchers became dependent on a low-cost, docile, illegal labor force. The search for jobs began to move the illegal immigrants farther north into Texas and California. However, there were still many braceros that continued to work under contract and work as law-abiding members of the community. The program became a political issue for the Americans. The United States wielded the power of negotiations with both the Mexican government and the Mexican people. Mexico lost all real bargaining power in the 1950’s. Along with opposition from Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta, the United States determined that the program was no longer vital to the American’s; it discontinued the program in 1964. Chavez and Huerta fought the program because it undermined American workers and exploited the migrant workers. Nothing says it more obvious than the account from Walt Edwards (as cited in Dillin, 2006), When we caught illegal aliens on farms and ranches, the farmer or rancher would often call and complain [to officials in El Paso]. And depending on how politically connected they were, there would be political intervention. That is how we got into this mess we are in now. (Dillin, John, 2006) By the end of the program, farm labor unions began to form which eventually led to the abolishment of laws stating it was illegal to organize farm labor. This lead the way to the grape strikes in California and the boycotts in stores, lead by Filipino farm workers. After the first strike several various organizations began to form and led similar movements around the country. Through the 1960s to the 1980s, Cesar Chavez was a major inspiration to such movements and organizations. One of the most notable protests was when Chavez and the UFW marched from the Coachella Valley to the Mexican border to protest grower’s use of illegal aliens as strikebreakers and replacement workers. References Bracero Program. Bracero Program in Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved on July 29, 2007, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Bracero_program. Cesar Chavez. Cesar Chavez in Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved on July 29, 2007, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Ch%C3%A1vez. Dillin, John. (2006, July 06). How Eisenhower solved illegal border crossing from Mexico. [Electronic version. ] Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved on July 29, 2007, from http://www. csmonitor. com/2006/0706/p09s01-coop. html. Handbook of Texas Online, s. v.. (2001, June 6). Operation Wetback. Retrieved on July 29, 2007, from http://www. tsha. utexas. edu/handbood/online/articles/OO/pqo1_print. html

Analysis Of Holden Caulfield s The Catcher Rye

Alexandro Garcia Mrs. Kehrmeyer AP Language, Period 1 9 March 2017 The Brain is Wider than the Sky The world is not always a fair, but some are able to emerge out of the ashes with nothing more than a scratch, while others perish into the rubble. The same can be said for Holden Caulfield, the protagonist of J.D. Salinger’s novel The Catcher in the Rye, a teenager that suffers and wallow in his misery behind the scene’s, yet lives a life of luxury and debauchery for all to witness. Psychoanalytical theory operates as a catalyst in analyzing and understanding Holden Caulfield in the narrative of The Catcher in the Rye. Holden is introduced as a defeatist, juvenile youngster that has just failed out of another highly prestigious, private†¦show more content†¦Salinger would meet his first wife Sylvia, a German and possible former Nazi, yet they would divorce eight months later. He would later go into isolation after he gained fame for his hit novel The Catcher in the Rye. In the story Catcher in Rye by J.D. Salinger, the main char acter of the story Holden Caulfield takes a lot of the characteristics of the person who created him. The first instance of this connection between the two is that they both despise the movies. Salinger despises the movie’s because he made â€Å"My Foolish Heart, a film adaptation of Salinger’s story â€Å"Uncle Wiggily in Connecticut,† premieres. The movie is ripped apart by critics. Salinger finds the experience so miserable that he never formally authorizes another film version of his work† ( PBS). This hatred of the movie is then shown in Holden when he says â€Å"If there’s one thing I hate, it’s the movies. Don’t even mention them to me† (14). Another connection of these two individuals is that they both were kicked out of prestigious schools. Salinger was kicked out of McBurney for having subpar grades to able to stay, while Holden is getting kicked out Pencey for having subpar grades has well. Salinger makes references to old school when Holden says â€Å" We’d gone in to New York that morning for this fencing meet with McBurney School† (3). Salinger and Holden also share a lot personality traits as well as being deadbeats. One of these similaritiesShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis Of Holden Caulfield s The Catcher s The Rye 900 Words   |  4 Pagesstory The Catcher in the Rye the 16-year-old protagonist, Holden Caulfield, experiences a conflict that makes him want to relive his childhood memories. Holden has so much hatred toward the adult world and he thinks adults are very phony and lame. J.D Salinger delves into the mentality of a boy that hates adult intimacy and sexuality. Holden ends up in a mental institution to recover from his problems and to overcome his fear of adulthood. This novel is set in the early 1950s and Holden is from NewRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Holden Caulfield s The Catcher Of The Rye 1733 Words   |  7 Pagesthe novel The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Sali nger, Holden Caulfield is faced with multiple â€Å"phonies† that divert him from those he really holds affection for. Throughout the novel Holden shows disgust for certain characters but his ability to build relationships of intimacy are most eminent. Through Allie Caulfield, Holden is able to make a more personal connection. Seeing as how he is now dead, Allie is a savior in the eyes’ of Holden when he is in the time of need. Phoebe Caulfield, Holden’s tenRead MoreAn Analysis Of Holden Caulfield s The Catcher s The Rye 1941 Words   |  8 Pagesenough; one cannot appreciate the blissful innocence of childhood until it has passed. The novel, The Catcher in the Rye, explores the complex and often incomprehensible transition to adulthood through the experiences of the protagonist, Holden Caulfield. J.D. Salinger uses Holden’s character to express the challenges teenagers must overcome in order to adapt and succeed in an adult society. Holden outlines the challenges he is experiencing through this time of development by striving to preserve childhoodRead MoreMental Analysis on Holden Caulfield in J.D. Salinger ´s The Catcher in the Rye824 Words   |  4 PagesCorporation) (The Numbers Count: Mental Disorders in America). J.D. Salinger’s novel, The Catcher in the Rye, provides the narrative of a young adult, Holden Caulfield, who I believe shows many symptoms of several different mental disorders. In this essay, I will be providing examples straight from The Catcher in the Rye that support my theory of Holden Caulfield’s lack of mental stability. Holden Caulfield demonstrates extreme and inconsistent behaviors throughout his narrative, describing manyRead MoreAnalysis Of Characters And Themes Of The Catcher Rye 1537 Words   |  7 Pages Analysis of Characters and Themes in The Catcher in the Rye J.D. Salinger was born in 1919 to a wealthy Manhattan family. He grew up in the same social conditions as Holden Caulfield does in The Catcher in the Rye. The last thing Salinger cared about was being a successful student because he was very lazy, without care for his responsibilities and tasks. Salinger flunked out of many prep schools, and his parents sent him to a military academy named Valley Forge in Pennsylvania, where he graduatedRead More Catcher in the Rye Essay: Holden - The Misfit Hero2101 Words   |  9 Pagesof The Catcher In The Rye      Ã‚     The Catcher In The Rye by J.D. Salinger was published in 1951. A recurring theme in J.D. Salingers stories concerns people who dont fit in with the traditional American Culture. Salingers misfit heroes, unlike the rest of society, are caught in the struggle between a superficial world and a conscious morality (1 Wildermuth). In his attempt to create a new and realistic portrayal of the times, Salinger first, effectively creates Holden Caulfield, the mainRead MoreTheme Of The Catcher In The Rye976 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout the novel The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger there are several different themes portrayed that widely relate to current issues of teenagers and adults alike. While reading the novel several different themes were revealed creating a deep and meaningful story line. Three themes viewed within the novel are; the phoniness of the adult world, alienation as a form of self-protection, and the painfulness of growing up. Each of these themes have lar ge significance in character and plot developmentRead MoreCatcher in the Rye4413 Words   |  18 PagesThe Catcher in the Rye â€Å"Is The Catcher in the Rye, as a work of literature still relevant for today’s youth?† Name: Sara Sigurdson Course: English A1 Supervisor: Mr. Peter Steadman Word count: 3851 Candidate number: 00136022 Table of Contents Content Page Number Abstract 3 Introduction 4 The Actual Catcher in the Rye 4 The Sexual Matter 5 The Caulfield Family 6 Narrator and Protagonist 8 Role Model 9 Mr. Antolini 10 Targeted Audience 10 Guidance 12 Read MoreShould Banned Be Banned? A High School Curriculum?1603 Words   |  7 Pagesgruesome, yet extremely realistic portrayal of life. Among the novels that have been banned is The Catcher in The Rye, written by J.D Salinger, which describes the idiosyncratic ideals of sixteen year old mischief-maker, Holden Caulfield, and recounts the days following his suspension from Pencey University. In spite of the repetitive presence of sexual content and references it contains, The Catcher In The Rye should be included in all high school curriculums as it allows students to provoke deeper thoughtRead MoreCatcher in the Rye Word Choice795 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Word Choice in The Catcher in the Rye By Tom Condon Word choice is a crucial element in a well-crafted story. The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger is about a 16-year-old in New York in the 1950s named Holden Caulfield. The book is about his exploration in the world as he suffers from severe mental trauma from his point of view. J.D. Salinger uses word choice for realism, theme, and depth of character to make the story relate to the reader and add dimension. The Catcher in Rye contains many distinct

Should Gambling Be Legal - 2890 Words

Introduction Gambling, is often described as a simple form of entertainment, this form of entertainment has become an extreme of uncontrollable behavior to many people. There are many terms that describes a person who over use gambling, which include pathological gamblers, gambling addicts, or compulsive gamblers (Gamblers Anonymous International Service Office , 1957). One reason that the terms are being used is due the development of legalized gambling and an abundance of people are gravitated to the chances of winning money. Considering that gambling is legal, the growth has led to many people to attempt to gamble. While most people gamble would gamble for fun and have no adverse effects, the amount of addicted gamblers has increased in the casino environment. Population An individual who gambles typically will gamble to receive extra funds to support their cost of living. When gambling first began in Egypt people would play for fun and would play various board games, which progressed forward to Knucklebones from which dice were derived from in Greece and India (Dunstan, 1997). In England; roulette was introduced into along with card playing. Combining cards and dice the United States adopted the two and by two decades later gambling became more prominent. In 2001 the amount of revenue totaled up to $27 billion in 2001 (Banker, 2003). Prior to the early 1990s, Banker (2003) also noted that casino gambling was legal only in Nevada and Atlantic City, N.J. The riverboatShow MoreRelatedShould Gambling Be Legal?2136 Words   |  9 PagesGambling is no doubt a very common social practice of humankind since a long time ago. Furthermore, gambling has long been considered as a legal industry that brings billions of dollars to many nations in the world. Despi te of the great benefits it brings, gambling industry is not totally free from drawback. Gambling has been constantly condemned for its negative outcomes. In fact, gambling is accused of being the cause for much social evil practice. Thus, to many countries, this particular typeRead MoreShould Sports Gambling Be Legal?2342 Words   |  10 PagesINTRODUCTION Local legal casino gambling has gained popularity in the United States after a long history of prohibition in many parts of the country. Casino gambling was outlawed in the early 1900’s before being legalized in Nevada and the city of Las Vegas in 1931. In 1978, gambling was legalized in Atlantic City, New Jersey (casino-history.org). Las Vegas continues to dominate as the number one casino destination. Atlantic City and New Jersey have taken a hit as completion in surrounding statesRead MoreShould Gambling Be Legal And Popular?2155 Words   |  9 PagesGrace Ebron Essay 1 February 27, 2015 Fold or All in Gambling is no doubt a very common social practice of humankind since a long time ago. Furthermore, gambling has long been considered as a legal industry that brings billions of dollars to many nations in the world. Despite of the great benefits it brings, gambling industry is not totally free from drawback. Gambling has been constantly condemned for its negative outcomes. In fact, gambling is accused of being the cause for much social evil practiceRead MoreGambling Is An Extremely Well Liked And Entertaining Activity For The Canadian Population1530 Words   |  7 PagesGambling is an extremely well liked and entertaining activity for the Canadian population. In theory, gambling can be a sense of fun and games, yet it has always been inevitably linked to the Canadian Criminal Code. It has been noticed that, â€Å"Canadians spend more on legal, government-promoted gambling than on clothing, shoes and medicine combined† (Hutchison, 1999). In 1892 all forms of gambling were bann ed in Canada, with the exception of horse racing (Stevens, R., 2005). Throughout the years CanadiansRead MoreThe Impact Of Gambling On The United States1650 Words   |  7 Pages Toulmin Argument Research Paper The concept of gambling has been around since the 1600’s when the original thirteen colonies had their own individual lotteries where people viewed gambling as a â€Å"civic responsibility† to play. These lotteries helped establish multiple universities such as Harvard, Yale, Princeton, and William and Mary. Gambling has been legal and then banned several times in three different eras; the first era in the 1600’s to mid-1800’s, the second in the late 1800’s to earlyRead MoreShould Gambling Be Legalized?971 Words   |  4 PagesToday, gambling is not allowed in some countries, but it is legal only in some areas in the United States. Some people are in favor of gambling because they find their entertainment in playing in casinos. Gambling is to take risks and play the games for money. Most people believe that gambling should not be legal because gambling activities do not benefit our communities and eventually causes: increased taxes, a loss of jobs and money. However, my opponents believe that gambling and casinos areRead Morelegalizing gambling983 Words   |  4 Pages Legalizing Casino Gambling in Texas Persuasive Speech Outline Legalizing Casino Gambling in Texas Specific Purpose Statement: To persuade my class about why legalizing casino gambling in Texas is for the better. Thesis Statement: Legalizing casino gambling in the state of Texas would enhance society and will be beneficial for the entire state. Organizational Pattern: Problem-Solution Introduction I. Did you know that gambling generates more revenue thanRead MoreA Farmer Of Louisiana, Not An Insider Trading Scandal1036 Words   |  5 PagesAdditionally, at a federal level, he asserts that DFS are legal under the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act (UIGEA). However, if a site accepts a bet in a state that outlaws online gambling the site can be criminally prosecuted, both at the federal and state levels (Huffman, 2014). Since the actions of the major online gambling sites promote, and will continue to promote, usage by individuals in states that outlaw online gambling, the sites should be illegal on the federal level since they violatedRead More Gambling Essay1614 Words   |  7 Pages Gambling, while it lowers taxes and creates jobs, it also causes addicts to lose money and therefore creates a higher crime rate.A Quick History of Gambling.Gambling was a popular pastime in North America long before there was ever a United States. Playing cards and dice were brought ove r by both the British and the Dutch. By the end of the 17th century, just about every countryseat in colonial America had a lottery wheel. Cockfighting flourished thoughout the countries, especially in the SouthRead More Gambling Addiction Essay1116 Words   |  5 PagesGambling Addiction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gambling addiction is an issue found in numerous areas where gambling is legal. People who are addicted to gambling, also know as problem gamblers, face many health risks including depression, suicidal thoughts, loss of sleep, loss of appetite, migraine and anxiety in addition to marriage breakdown, problems at work and bankruptcy (9). About 2 percent of adults are thought to be problem gamblers (1). In today’s society this costly addiction is not often considered to